Urban areas in Indonesia had a typical problem, such as urbanization, environmental, and social. Various urban problems were arising from the spatial planning of cities that were not clear and also inconsistency of policy makers in implementing development plans. Criticism was delivered by senators of the House of Regional Representatives in the event Local Voice dialogue with the theme “Urban Problems in Different Regions.” Dialogue took place in the Press Room of DPD, the Parliament Complex, Senayan, Jakarta, Thursday (22/07). Speakers at the event was Intsiawati Ayus (Senator of DPD of Riau province), Wasis Siswoyo (Senator of DPD of East Java Province), Dani Anwar (Senator of DPD of DKI Jakarta province), and Doni Janarto Widiantoro (Head of the sub directorate Across the Areas Directorate of Region II Spatial Planning).

Intsiawati assessed that generally the executive and legislative were still thinking conventionally, and had no development concept which were firm and clear. She also observed that many regional heads did not familiar with the concept of urban development which was sustainable, i.e. a development that was environmentally insightful. According to Intsiawati there were two things to respond the city development problems, namely planning and constructing. However, the problems came from local government’s own policy, which did deviation on city spatial planning. “Local regulations that were published on city spatial planning, for me it was just a formality concept. Because local governments were not consistent in implementing development plans, besides there were also ineffectiveness and incoordination among agencies and institutions,” said Intsiawati.

The second problem that was mentioned by Intsiawati was the integration between cities and districts i.e. gap region issues. “The ideally step of a balanced city gave a progress and did not weaken the adjacent regions,” she explained.

Meanwhile, Wasis said that to create a comfortable city, structuring the city must be planned carefully. He explained the situation in East Java which already had a Spatial Plan (RTRW), but the implementation was not in accordance with government regulations. “Therefore there were many violations that have been done and being ignored. For example in Malang city, mall construction was not in accordance with the RTRW plan in District/City, apparently when people opposed against the construction, but it kept running without any sanction,” he said.

Wasis gave example on Lapindo mudflow which was no substituted plan yet for room that has been damaged, such as access roads to Surabaya and other cities, thus disturbing the public economy. Another problem was related to the development of South Ring Road (JLS), which was never finished.

Dani Anwar, who is senator of DPD of the country’s capital city, said three important things about urban issues. First, Indonesia does not have an integrated plan, so that various kinds of problems arise regarding the development of the city. Second, consistency in implementing the rule is also weak. “All governments, both central and local seem have the same consistency when dealing with financier, they were lackluster, as was the case today the green area would be the mall”, he stressed.

Third, the government lacks of ability to anticipate the problems in the future. Dani exemplified that Netherlands made city spatial plan carefully so that it would not change for hundreds of years. He said that the Indonesian government considered incapable of carrying out planning, for example the construction of Becak Kayu (Bekasi, Cawang, Kampung Melayu) and monorail project which is halted its construction. “Sometimes regulation was less able to overcome the problems in the future that its development so fast. Then what happened was the violation on spatial plan, thus the city went chaotic, “he said.

Dani’s opinion is recognized by Doni Janarto who said that the lack of clarity in the rules for urban planning. “So since there was decentralization, the center no longer has a portfolio over urban areas. So when we asked about the urban development policy, none of whom dared to say responsible,” he said. But, in fact, the cities are growing without direction and control, he added.

Doni explained that the issues in the urban typical in many regions. First of urbanization which is divided into two definitions, namely the displacement of population from rural to urban and rural areas become urban. Since there was transfer of population, agricultural sector which became the mainstay of rural has reduced its contribution to rural up until 15% -20% of national GDP (Gross Domestic Products). Then, the process that turned villages into cities, according to Doni was more dangerous. “It affected not only social problems but also the environment, rural areas turned into different functions, which resulted disasters that happened in urban areas,” he explained.

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